TENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang bersifat tetap, kebiasaan atau kebenaran yang hakiki. Karena sering menyangkut kejadian diwaktu lamapu, sekarang dan akan datang, Tenses ini paling sedikit mempunyai keterangan waktu tertentu.

Rumus :

*  Subject + Verb 1 ( s / es ) + complemant  :: positive ( + )

*   Subject + do / does + not Verb 1 + complemant   :: negative ( - )

*   do / does + subject + verb 1 + complemant   ( ? )

Contoh :

The students go to school everyday.

The sun sets down in the west.

Firman sits at internet cafe on Mondays.

Nurul takes her money.

Master of football shows his skill.     

PRESENT CONTINUES TENSE

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang benar-benar sedang dilakukan saat ini. Kalimat-kalimat dalam Tenses ini lebih sering dipakai dari pada present Tenses.

Rumus :

* subject + tobe + V1-ing + c (+)

* subject + tobe +not + Verb1 –ing + c (-)

* tobe + subject + Verb- ing + c (?)

Contoh :

Sauza has been watching tv for 3 hours.

Sollosa has been sleeping for a day.

Ferdy has been marching with his army since a week.

Snakes have been invading the forest since a long time ago.

Your boyfriend has been calling you since 15 minutes ago .Simple Past Tense

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi dimasa lampau. Pada simple past tense, waktu kejadian (yesterday, last two days, last year) atau periode waktunya (for two months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik.

Rumus :

* subject + be 2 + verb I – ing (+)
* be 2 + subject + verb I –ing (-)
* subject + be 2 + not + verb I –ing(?)

Contoh :

Did he come on time yesterday?

I studied civil engineering for almost 4 years.

I was reading a journal in the library when someone burped out loud.

I had already had breakfast when he picked me up.

If she studied hard, she would be pass.

PAST CONTINUES TENSE

Past continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu dimasa lampau. Aksi tersebut telah dimulai tapi belum selesai pada saat itu. 

Rumus :

*subject + be 2 + verb I-ing (+)
* be 2 + subject + verb I-ing (-)
* subject +be 2+ not + verb I-ing(?)

Contoh :

The team was running

The team was not running

I was shopping at this time yesterday.

They were roasting corn at this time last night.

She was sleeping when you called her.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang. 

Rumus :

* subject + has / have + verb III + c (+)
* has  / have + subject + verb III + c (-)
* subject + has / have + verb III + c (?)

Contoh:

I’ve read this book.

I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months.

She has called you three times.

I’ve just sent you an email.

She has studied in French since April.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai dimasa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Aksi pada present perfect continuous tense biasanya berdurasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.

Rumus :
* subject + has / have + been + Verb I – ing + object (+)
* has / have + subject + been + verb I –ing + object (-)
* subject + has / have + been + verb I – ing + object (?)

Comtoh :

The construction labors is thirsty since they have been removing the scaffoldings.

Mandy feels full as she’s been eating a half of the tart.

It has just been snowing in Japan.

I have been working with my computer all day, and now I want some delicious foods.

The passangers have been waiting for the next flight since this morning.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense adalah salah satu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi. Aksi yang telah selesai dimasa lampau itu dapat terjadi berulang kali maupun hanya sekali.

Rumus :
* Subject + had + verb III(+)
*Had + subject + verb II (-)
*Subject + had + not + verb III(?)

Contoh :

My brother had slept

When he came last night, the cake had run out.

The student had gotten a verbal warning before his parents were called.

I thought he had changed to be better man.

If he had taken a bath fast, he would have missed the train.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu dimasa lalu.

Rumus :
*Subject + had+ been + verb I –Ing + object (+)
* had + subject + been + verb I-ing + object (-)
* subject + had + not + been + verb I-ing (?)

Contoh :

Lia had been walking

I had been working with my computer all day, and all I wanted to do was eat some chocolate.

By the time the teacher came, the students had been reading a half part of the text.

She was annoyed since she had been waiting for 2 hours on the bus station.

He had been standing in front of the door for thirthy minutes before it was opened.

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